2008/05/16版

全般・政治情勢

ブッシュ米大統領が中東歴訪中の5/17にエジプトでカルザイ大統領と会談予定[1]。

ライス米国務長官とスパンタ アフガニスタン外相が5/13に、アフガニスタンの治安維持・民主化・経済開発に向けた共同声明を発表[2]。

ブッシュ政権はイラク・アフガニスタンにおける対テロ戦争関連支出を含む2009年度予算案を提出、議会にて審議中（下院では一旦否決）[3]。米国防総省はアフガニスタンへ7,000名規模の増派を検討中[4]。

高村外務大臣が5/4にカブールを訪問[5]。

内戦・治安

5月9日にパキスタン政府と北西辺境地域の武装勢力との間でSwat渓谷における停戦合意が発表された[6]が、国境地帯の通行に関する緊張状態は継続[7]。NATOは、本停戦合意によりアフガニスタン国内でのタリバンの活動が活発化することも懸念[8]。

5月8日にカブールで部族リーダー・政治家・市民組織活動家が和平に向けた集会を開催[9]。タリバンとの対話を求めるとともに、米・NATO軍の行動を非難。

カルザイ政権が提唱した武装勢力との対話路線については、イスラム統一党・Hizbe-i-Islami（ヘクマティヤル派・Hekmatyar）から否定コメントが出る状況[10]。

紛争が治まる気配はなく、民間被害も拡大中。NATO軍によると、08年1月から4月半ばまでの民間人被害は240名（前年同期比6倍）[11]。

ヘルマンド州・Helmand、Garamsaer地区における米・NATO軍の作戦活動は一段落した[12]ものの、5千〜6千人の国内避難民が発生したとの報告あり[13]。

国連薬物犯罪事務所（UNDOC）の仲介により、アフガニスタン・イラン・パキスタンの3カ国が麻薬密輸防止のために協調することで合意[14]。ロシア・中国・インドの3カ国も、アフガニスタンからの麻薬流出防止で合意[15]。

難民・国内避難民

ペシャワールからの自発的帰国プロセスは、安全上の理由から一時停止していたが、5/14に再開[16]。

パキスタンのJalozaiアフガニスタン難民キャンプでは、相当数（4,000家族35,000人との情報も）が帰国せずにキャンプからパキスタン国内へ流出。キャンプ内にも、まだ6,000家族が滞在中[17]。

民生・援助

カルザイ政権は6月のパリ支援国会合にて、今後5カ年で総額500億ドルの支援を要請する予定[18]。

アフガニスタン政府の食糧輸入プログラム等を受けて、食品価格は若干落ち着きを見せる[19]も、庶民生活を大きく圧迫する状況は変わらず[20]。

保健医療サービスの復興もなかなか進まない[21]中、アフガニスタン保健省は国民の栄養状況とその影響に関する緊急調査を行うための資金をUNICEF・WHOに要請中[22]。米・NATO軍が作戦活動を行ったヘルマンド州（Helmand）では深刻な状況の模様[23]。

アフガニスタン農業省は国内農業復興のため、今後3カ年で総額25億ドル（今年度収穫の確保のための緊急支援に1億ドル）の国際支援を要請[24]。

ニュースソース

【全般・政治情勢 関連ニュース】

[3] House Defeats War Funds for Iraq, Afghanistan (Dow Jones: 2008/05/15)

Netherlands pledges five million euros for Afghan human rights (Radio Netherlands: 2008/05/08)

[1] Bush to meet Karzai in Egypt on May 17 (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/08)

[1] Bush to meet Karzai, Iraqi leaders on Mideast tour (AFP: 2008/05/07)

[5] 高村外務大臣のアフガニスタン訪問（外務省: 2008/05/04）

[5] 外相がアフガン大統領と会談、テロ対策支援を表明（NIKKEI NET: 2008/05/04）

[3] Bush proposes $3.7 billion to expand Afghan security forces (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/04)

[4] Pentagon Considers Adding Forces in Afghanistan (New York Times: 208/05/03)

【全般・政治情勢 参考レポート】

Country Strategy Paper - Islamic Republic of Afghanistan - 2007-2013 (European Commission)

【内戦・治安 関連ニュース】

3 militants killed in eastern Afghanistan (AP: 2008/05/16)

Top Taliban leader vows revenge on America (AP: 2008/05/15)

[15] Russia, China, India seek Afghan anti-drug "belt" (REUTERS: 2008/05/15)

3 Italian soldiers wounded by roadside bomb in Afghanistan (People's Daily: 2008/05/15)

Burqa-clad suicide bomber kills 16 in Afghanistan: local governor (AFP: 2008/05/15)

[8] Pakistan Truce Talks May Boost Afghanistan Attacks, NATO Says (Bloomberg: 2008/05/15)

Unlawful killings must cease immediately - UN rapporteur (IRIN News: 2008/05/15)

Unlawful killings continue at heavy rate in Afghanistan, UN rights expert says (UN News Service: 2008/05/15)

Latest Afghan attacks kill 13 including a school teacher (Earth Times: 2008/05/14)

Canadian-trained Afghan army units ready for bigger security role: commander (Canadian Press: 2008/05/14)

Pakistani government, militants agree courts may seek Islamic 'guidance' in parts of northwest (AP: 2008/05/13)

12 militants killed in southern Afghanistan (AP: 2008/05/13)

[13] Thousands displaced by fighting in Afghan south: U.N (REUTERS: 2008/05/13)

[13] Afghanistan says thousands flee fearing NATO strikes (AFP: 2008/05/13)

Taliban deliver silent death threats after midnight (REUTERS: 2008/05/12)

Senior Afghan officials suspended (BBC News: 2008/05/12)

Officials suspended in Karzai attack (AP: 2008/05/12)

At least 427 US deaths in Afghanistan (AP: 2008/05/12)

More than 200 jailed Taliban suspects end hunger strike in southern Afghanistan (AP: 2008/05/12)

Afghan national army strength rises to 76,000 (Xinhua: 2008/05/11)

Key al Qaeda member killed in Afghanistan: Web (REUTERS: 2008/05/10)

US operation sparks Afghan unrest (BBC News: 2008/05/10)

Militants die in Afghanistan clash (AP: 2008/05/10)

[5] Cease-fire in Pakistan's Swat Valley (AP: 2008/05/09)

NATO could end rotating command in S. Afghanistan (AFP: 2008/05/09)

Two foreign soldiers, dozen rebels killed in Afghanistan (AFP: 2008/05/09)

[9] Afghan meet to restore dialogue (BBC News: 2008/05/09)

[9] NPJ launched for ending the insurgency (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/08)

[9] Afghan intellectuals criticise US, NATO operations (AFP: 2008/05/08)

[14] Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan agree an anti-drugs plan brokered by UN (UN News Service: 2008/05/08)

Nato troops die in Afghan blast (BBC News: 2008/05/07)

[12] Int'l forces to establish military base in Helmand (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/07)

[10] No talks with government: Hizb spokesman (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/07)

India not to take up new road projects in Afghanistan (Indo-Asian News Service: 2008/05/06)

Mardan residents fear Taliban reprisal if peace proposal fails (Afghanistan News.Net: 2008/05/06)

Taliban kill Canadian soldier in Afghanistan (REUTERS: 2008/05/06)

Clashes, roadside bomb kill 8 militants, 1 Afghan soldier (AP: 2008/05/06)

[11] Taleban 'killing more civilians' (BBC News: 2008/05/05)

Al Qaeda behind attack on Karzai, spy chief says (REUTERS: 2008/05/05)

【内戦・治安 参考レポート】

Afghan army far from fighting fit (Asia Times Online: 2008/05/09)

Country Reports on Terrorism 2007 (US Department of State: 2008/4/30)

ANSO Quarterly Data Report

FACTBOX-Military deaths in Afghanistan (REUTERS: 2008/05/03)

【難民・国内避難民 関連ニュース】

[16] Refugees can resume returning to Afghanistan from Pakistan (UN News Service: 2008/05/13)

[16] Only registered Afghan refugees entitled for repatriation assistance (Associated Press of Pakistan: 2008/05/13)

[16] UN closes Afghan refugee centre (BBC News: 2008/05/12)

[17] Majority of Afghan refugees 'escape' repatriation (Doha Time: 2008/05/08)

[17] 35,000 Afghan refugees flee as Jalozai Camp bulldozed (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/05)

AFGHANISTAN: IDPs reluctant to return home (IRIN News: 2008/04/28)

UNHCR resumes Afghan voluntary returns as road reopens (UNAMA Press Release: 2008/04/21)

【民生・援助 関連ニュース】

Afghanistan to get $20 mln grant to improve health services - World Bank (Thomson Financial: 2008/05/16)

[20] Hunger and Food Prices Push Afghanistan to Brink (New York Times: 2008/05/16)

[18] Afghanistan's president wants $50bn but must show what he'd do with it (Times: 2008/05/16)

[18] Afghanistan seeks $50 billion in aid (AP: 2008/05/15)

WHO confirms `charmak' disease in Herat Province (IRIN News: 2008/05/15)

[21] Over 360,000 affected by reduced health services (IRIN News: 2008/05/14)

ISAF PRT discusses Zabul development with United Nations (ISAF: 2008/05/14)

[23] Call for food aid from conflict-hit Helmand Province (IRIN News: 2008/05/13)

Senate for providing food items on subsidized rates (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/13)

Hunger adds to Afghanistan's nightmare (International Herald Tribune: 2008/05/12)

More provinces poppy-free, but opium production still high (IRIN News: 2008/05/12)

Afghan northwest hit by plague of locusts (REUTERS; 2008/05/10)

[20] Rising prices heap pressure on Afghanistan's destitute (AFP: 2008/05/10)

[20] Food becoming larger concern than security in Afghanistan (Canwest News Service: 2008/05/09)

[24] Agriculture Ministry calls for US$2.5 billion aid programme (IRIN News: 2008/05/07)

Pakistan sends wheat to Afghans to avert crisis (REUTERS: 2008/05/06)

Drugs undermine Afghanistan's efforts to rebuild (REUTERS: 2008/05/06)

Can condoms fulfil multiple expectations? (IRIN News: 2008/05/06)

[22] New survey to measure food-price hunger (IRIN News: 2008/05/05)

[24] Afghanistan presents plan for meeting food shortage (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/04)

Environmental protection summit opens in Kabul (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/03)

Coordinated action key to avoiding food tragedy - WFP (IRIN News: 2008/05/02)

[20] Afghans pay for leftovers as global crisis sends bread price skyrocketing (AP: 2008/05/02)

[19] Flour price down in Kabul city (Pajhwok Afghan News: 2008/05/01)

U.S. army targets $400 mln for Afghan emergency funds (REUTERS: 2008/05/01)

Meeting basic food needs 'problematic' for millions of Afghans, says UN official (UN News Service: 2008/05/01)

Uncertainty after U.N. Afghan food aid ends in July (REUTERS: 2008/05/01)

Press conference by Anthony Banbury, United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) Regional Director for Asia and Nazifullah Salarzai, UNAMA Spokesperson's Office (UNAMA: 2008/05/01)

【民生・援助 関連レポート】

Afghanistan Project Status (World Bank: 2008/04)

The Afghanistan Pilot Participatory Assessment (APPPA) Summary Report (ACBAR: 2008/04)

AFGHANISTAN Food Security Alert (USAID Famine Early Warning Systems: 2008/04/24)

WFP's Operational Requirements, Shortfalls and Priorities for 2008 (WFP: 2008/02)